Lithini Ikheli Lami Le-ip

Liyini ikheli le-IP?

Amakheli e-IP amakheli ahlukile ahlonza amadivayisi axhunywe ku-inthanethi noma kunethiwekhi yendawo. Kuwuhlobo lokulandelana kwezinombolo. Ngakho-ke, iyini ngempela “intambo”? Igama le-IP; empeleni iqukethe iziqalo zamagama I-Internet Protocol. Iphrothokholi Ye-inthanethi; Kuyiqoqo lemithetho elawula ifomethi yedatha ethunyelwa nge-inthanethi noma inethiwekhi yendawo.

Amakheli e-IP; Ihlukaniswe kabili jikelele futhi ifihliwe. Isibonelo, lapho uxhuma ku-inthanethi usekhaya, imodemu yakho ine-IP yomphakathi engabonwa wonke umuntu, kuyilapho ikhompuyutha yakho ine-IP efihliwe ezodluliselwa kumodemu yakho.

Ungathola ikheli le-IP lekhompyutha yakho namanye amadivaysi ngokubuza. Yebo, ngenxa yombuzo wekheli le-IP; Ungabona futhi ukuthi yimuphi umhlinzeki wesevisi ye-inthanethi oxhumeke kuye nokuthi iyiphi inethiwekhi oyisebenzisayo. Kungenzeka ukubuza ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi ngesandla, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona amathuluzi enzelwe lo msebenzi.

Lisho ukuthini ikheli le-IP?

Amakheli e-IP anquma ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi ulwazi oluya kunethiwekhi. Iqukethe indawo yedatha futhi yenza idivayisi ifinyeleleke ekuxhumaneni. Amadivayisi axhunywe ku-inthanethi, amakhompyutha ahlukene, imizila namawebhusayithi adinga ukuhlukaniswa kusuka kwelinye. Lokhu kufezwa ngamakheli e-IP futhi kwakha umgomo obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-inthanethi.

Empeleni “liyini ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi?” Umbuzo ungabuye uphendulwe kanje: IP; Yinombolo yokuhlonza yamadivayisi axhunywe ku-inthanethi. Yonke idivayisi exhunywe ku-inthanethi; ikhompuyutha, ifoni, ithebulethi ine-IP. Ngakho-ke, bangahlukaniswa komunye nomunye kunethiwekhi futhi baxhumane bodwa nge-IP. Ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi liqukethe uchungechunge lwezinombolo ezihlukaniswa ngamachashazi. Nakuba i-IPv4 yakha isakhiwo se-IP esivamile, i-IPv6 imele isistimu ye-IP entsha kakhulu. IPv4; Ikhawulelwe enanini lamakheli e-IP azungeze ibhiliyoni elingu-4, elinganele izidingo zanamuhla. Ngalesi sizathu, amasethi angu-8 e-IPv6 aqukethe amadijithi angu-4 hexadecimal athuthukisiwe. Le ndlela ye-IP inikeza inombolo enkulu kakhulu yamakheli e-IP.

Ku-IPv4: Amasethi amane amadijithi ayatholakala. Isethi ngayinye ingathatha amanani ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-255. Ngakho-ke, wonke amakheli e-IP; Isukela ku-0.0.0.0 kuye ku-255.255.255.255. Amanye amakheli aqukethe izinhlanganisela ezihlukile kulobu bubanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ku-IPv6, entsha uma kuqhathaniswa, lesi sakhiwo sekheli sithatha ifomu elilandelayo; 2400:1004:b061:41e4:74d7:f242:812c:fcfd.

Inethiwekhi yamakhompiyutha kubahlinzeki besevisi ye-inthanethi (Amaseva Egama Lesizinda - Iseva Yegama Lesizinda(DNS)) igcina imininingwane yokuthi yiliphi igama lesizinda elihambisana nekheli le-IP. Ngakho uma othile efaka igama lesizinda kusiphequluli sewebhu, liqondisa lowo muntu kumakheli alungile. Ukucutshungulwa kwethrafikhi ku-inthanethi kuncike ngokuqondile kulawa makheli e-IP.

Ungalithola kanjani ikheli le-IP?

Omunye wemibuzo evame ukubuzwa ukuthi "Indlela yokuthola ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi?" Indlela elula yokuthola ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi lomzila ukuthi "Iyini i-IP yami" ku-Google? I-Google izophendula lo mbuzo phezulu.

Ukuthola ikheli le-IP elifihliwe kuncike endaweni esetshenzisiwe:

kuSiphequluli

• Ithuluzi elithi "liyini ikheli lami le-IP" kusayithi le-softmedal.com liyasetshenziswa.
• Ngaleli thuluzi, ungathola kalula ikheli lakho le-IP lomphakathi.

ku-Windows

• I-Command prompt isetshenziswa.
• Thayipha umyalo "cmd" endaweni yokusesha.
• Ebhokisini elivelayo, bhala "ipconfig".

Ku-MAC:

• Iya kokuncanyelwayo kwesistimu.
• Inethiwekhi ikhethiwe futhi ulwazi lwe-IP luyavela.

ku-iPhone

• Iya kuzilungiselelo.
• I-Wi-Fi ikhethiwe.
• Chofoza u-"i" embuthanweni oseduze kwenethiwekhi okuyo.
• Ikheli le-IP livela ngaphansi kwethebhu ye-DHCP.

Futhi, uma ufuna ukuthola ikheli le-IP lomunye umuntu; elula phakathi kweminye imizila; Kuyindlela yokwazisa ngomyalo kumadivayisi weWindows.

• Cindezela inkinobho ethi "Enter" ngemva kokucindezela okhiye beWindows no-R ngesikhathi esifanayo bese uthayipha umyalo "cmd" endaweni evuliwe.
• Esikrinini somyalo esivelayo, bhala umyalo othi "ping" nekheli lewebhusayithi ofuna ukuyibuka, bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi "Enter". Ngemuva kwakho konke, ungafinyelela ikheli le-IP lesizinda obhale ikheli laso.

Ungabuza kanjani i-IP?

Ukuze unqume indawo yendawo yekheli le-IP, ungasebenzisa indlela ye-"ip query". Umphumela wophenyo; inikeza idolobha elifanele, isifunda, ikhodi ye-zip, igama lezwe, i-ISP, kanye nendawo yesikhathi.

Kungenzeka ukufunda kuphela umhlinzeki wesevisi kanye nesifunda ekhelini le-IP, elingabizwa ngokuthi indawo yekheli elibonakalayo. Okusho ukuthi, ikheli lasekhaya alikwazi ukutholwa ngokucacile ngamakhodi e-IP. Ngekheli le-IP lesayithi, linganqunywa kuphela ukuthi lixhumeke ku-inthanethi lisuka kusiphi isifunda; kodwa awukwazi ukuthola indawo eqondile.

Kunamawebhusayithi amaningi lapho ungabuza khona i-IP. Ithuluzi elithi "Liyini ikheli lami le-IP" ku-Softmedal.com ingelinye lawo.

Ungalishintsha kanjani ikheli le-IP?

Omunye umbuzo ovame ukubuzwa uthi "indlela yokushintsha ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi?" umbuzo. Le nqubo ingenziwa ngezindlela ezi-3.

1. Shintsha i-IP ngomyalo ku-Windows

Cindezela inkinobho yokuqala.

• Chofoza ku-Run.
• Faka umyalo "cmd" ebhokisini elivuliwe bese ucindezela u-Enter.
• Thayipha okuthi “ipconfig / release” efasiteleni elivulekayo bese ucindezela u-Enter. (ukucushwa kwe-IP okukhona kukhishwa ngenxa yokusebenza).
• Njengomphumela wenqubo, iseva ye-DHCP yabela ikheli le-IP elisha kukhompyutha yakho.

2. Ukushintsha i-IP ngekhompyutha

Ungashintsha ikheli lakho le-IP kukhompuyutha ngezindlela ezahlukene. Indlela evame kakhulu; I-Virtual Private Network (Inethiwekhi Eyimfihlo Ebonakalayo) ukusebenzisa i-VPN. I-VPN ibhala ngemfihlo ukuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi futhi ikunikeze umzila ngeseva endaweni oyikhethile. Ngakho-ke amadivayisi akunethiwekhi abona ikheli le-IP leseva ye-VPN, hhayi ikheli lakho le-IP langempela.

Ukusebenzisa i-VPN kukunikeza indawo ephephile, ikakhulukazi lapho uhamba, usebenzisa uxhumano lomphakathi lwe-Wi-Fi, usebenza ukude, noma ufuna ubumfihlo obuthile. Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-VPN, kungenzeka futhi ukufinyelela amasayithi avaliwe ukufinyelela kwamanye amazwe. I-VPN ikunikeza ukuphepha nobumfihlo.

Ukusetha i-VPN;

• Bhalisa nomhlinzeki we-VPN ozikhethele wona bese ulanda uhlelo lokusebenza.
• Vula uhlelo lokusebenza bese ukhetha iseva ezweni lakini.
• Uma uzosebenzisa i-VPN ukuze ufinyelele amasayithi avinjiwe, qiniseka ukuthi izwe olikhethayo alivinjiwe.
• Manje usunekheli le-IP elisha.

3. Ukushintsha kwe-IP ngemodemu

Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-IP; ihlukaniswe yaba yi-static kanye ne-dynamic. I-IP emile ihlezi ilungisiwe futhi ifakwa ngesandla ngumlawuli. I-Dynamic IP, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iguqulwa isofthiwe yeseva. Uma i-IP oyisebenzisayo ingamile, uzoba nekheli le-IP elisha ngemva kokukhipha imodemu, ulinde imizuzu embalwa bese uyixhuma futhi. Kwesinye isikhathi i-ISP ingase inikeze ikheli le-IP elifanayo kaningi. Uma imodemu ihlala isikhathi eside ingaxhumekile, ayanda amathuba akho okuthola i-IP entsha. Kodwa le nqubo ngeke isebenze uma usebenzisa i-IP emile, kufanele uguqule i-IP yakho mathupha.

Kuyini ukungqubuzana kwe-IP?

Amakheli e-IP axhunywe kunethiwekhi efanayo kufanele ahluke. Isimo lapho amakhompyutha akunethiwekhi efanayo akhonjwa ngekheli le-IP elifanayo sibizwa ngokuthi "i-ip conflict". Uma kunokungqubuzana kwe-IP, idivayisi ayikwazi ukuxhuma ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Izinkinga zokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi zenzeka. Lesi simo sidinga ukulungiswa. Ukuxhumanisa amadivaysi ahlukene kunethiwekhi ngokuphatha ikheli le-IP elifanayo kudala inkinga futhi lokhu kudala inkinga yezingxabano ze-IP. Uma kunokungqubuzana, amadivaysi awakwazi ukusebenza kunethiwekhi efanayo futhi umlayezo wephutha wamukelwa. Ukungqubuzana kwe-IP kuxazululwa ngokusetha kabusha imodemu noma ukwabela kabusha i-IP mathupha. Amadivayisi anamakheli e-IP ahlukene azosebenza futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Uma kunokungqubuzana kwe-IP, ukuxazulula inkinga;

• Ungacisha futhi uvule irutha.
• Ungakwazi ukukhubaza futhi uvule kabusha i-adaptha yenethiwekhi.
• Ungasusa i-IP emile.
• Ungakhubaza i-IPV6.