Lithini Ikheli Lami Le-mac?

Ikheli le-MAC liphakathi kwemiqondo esanda kungena emhlabeni wezobuchwepheshe. Nakuba lo mqondo ushiya uphawu lombuzo engqondweni, uphenduka ube ikheli eliwusizo kakhulu neliqondakala kalula uma laziwa. Njengoba lifana nomqondo wekheli le-IP, empeleni laziwa ngokuthi amagama amabili ahlukene, nakuba livame ukudideka. Ikheli le-MAC lichazwa njengolwazi olukhethekile lwedivayisi ngayinye engaxhuma namadivayisi engeziwe. Ukuthola ikheli kuyehluka kudivayisi ngayinye. Imininingwane yekheli le-MAC, eshintsha ngokuya ngendlela, ibaluleke kakhulu.

Lithini ikheli le-mac?

Ukuvula; Ikheli le-MAC, okuyi-Media Access Control Address, yitemu elingaxhuma namanye amadivaysi ngaphandle kwedivayisi yamanje futhi lichazwa ngokuhlukile kudivayisi ngayinye. Kuphinde kwaziwe njengekheli lehadiwe noma ikheli lendawo elitholakala cishe kuwo wonke amadivayisi. Isici esihluke kakhulu nesiyisisekelo esihlukile kwesinye nesinye ngekheli le-IP ukuthi ikheli le-MAC aliguquleki futhi lihlukile. Nakuba ikheli le-IP lishintsha, okufanayo akusebenzi ku-MAC.

Olwazini oluhlanganisa amabhithi angu-48 nama-octet angu-6 ekhelini le-MAC, uchungechunge lokuqala luhlonza umenzi, kuyilapho ama-octet angu-24-bit 3 ochungechungeni lwesibili ahambisana nonyaka, indawo yokukhiqiza kanye nemodeli yehadiwe yedivayisi. Kulokhu, nakuba ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi lingafinyelelwa cishe yibo bonke abasebenzisi, ikheli le-MAC kumadivayisi lingaziwa kuphela ngabantu nabasebenzisi abaxhunywe kunethiwekhi efanayo. Ulwazi olubhalwe ngokungeza uphawu lwekholoni phakathi kwama-octet ashiwo luba uphawu oluvame ukutholakala kumakheli e-MAC.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakheli e-MAC aqala ngo-02 aziwa ngokuthi amanethiwekhi endawo, kuyilapho lawo aqala ngo-01 achazwa njengezivumelwano. Ikheli le-MAC elijwayelekile lichazwa ngokuthi: 68 : 7F : 74: F2 : EA : 56

Kuyasiza futhi ukwazi ukuthi ikheli le-MAC ngelani. Ikheli le-MAC, elidlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaneni namanye amadivaysi, livame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwe-Wi-Fi, i-Ethernet, i-Bluetooth, indandatho yethokheni, izivumelwano ze-FFDI ne-SCSI. Njengoba kungase kuqondwe, kungase kube namakheli ahlukene e-MAC kulawa maphrothokholi kudivayisi. Ikheli le-MAC liphinde lisetshenziswe kudivayisi Yerutha, lapho amadivayisi akunethiwekhi eyodwa kufanele abonane futhi anikeze ukuxhumana okulungile.

Amadivayisi azi ikheli le-MAC angasungula ukuxhumana phakathi kwamanye ngenethiwekhi yendawo. Ngenxa yalokho, ikheli le-MAC lisetshenziswa ngokugcwele kuwo wonke amadivayisi akunethiwekhi efanayo ukuze axhumane futhi axhumane.

Lenzani ikheli le-MAC?

Ikheli le-MAC, eliyingqayizivele kudivayisi ngayinye engaxhuma namanye amadivaysi, ngokuvamile; Isetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwezivumelwano ezifana ne-Bluetooth, i-Wi-Fi, i-ethernet, indandatho yethokheni, i-SCSI ne-FDDI. Ngakho idivayisi yakho ingaba namakheli ahlukene e-MAC e-ethernet, i-Wi-Fi ne-Bluetooth.

Ikheli le-MAC liphinde lisetshenziswe ezinqubweni ezifana namadivayisi akunethiwekhi efanayo ukubonana, namadivayisi afana namarutha ukuze anikeze ukuxhumana okulungile. Ngisho nekheli le-MAC elinye nelinye, amadivaysi angaxhuma wodwa ngenethiwekhi yendawo. Ngamafuphi, ikheli le-MAC livumela amadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi efanayo ukuthi axhumane.

Ungalithola kanjani ikheli leWindows ne-macOS MAC?

Ikheli le-MAC, elingatholakala ngokuhlukile kudivayisi ngayinye, liyahlukahluka kuye ngamasistimu wokusebenza. Ikheli le-MAC litholakala kalula ngokuhambisana nezinyathelo ezithile. Ngenxa yekheli elitholiwe, kuyenzeka futhi uvule futhi uvimbele ukufinyelela ngamadivaysi athile.

Kumadivayisi anesistimu yokusebenza ye-Windows, ungathola ikheli le-MAC ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo:

• Faka ibha yokusesha kusuka kudivayisi.
• Sesha ngokuthayipha i-CMD.
• Faka ikhasi lomsebenzi womyalo elivulekayo.
• Thayipha "ipconfig / konke" bese ucindezela u-Enter.
• Ikheli le-MAC elibhalwe emugqeni Wekheli Lendawo kulesi sigaba.

Lezi zinqubo zimi kanje kumadivayisi anohlelo lokusebenza lwe-macOS:

• Chofoza isithonjana se-Apple.
• Esikrinini esivelayo, hamba kokuncanyelwayo kwesistimu.
• Vula imenyu yenethiwekhi.
• Qhubekela esigabeni esithi "Okuthuthukile" esikrinini.
• Khetha i-Wi-Fi.
• Ikheli le-MAC libhalwe esikrinini esivulekayo.

Nakuba izinyathelo zihlukile kudivayisi ngayinye kanye nesistimu yokusebenza, umphumela uyafana. Izigaba namagama emenyu ohlelweni lwe-macOS nawo ayahluka, kepha ikheli le-MAC lingatholakala kalula ngemuva kwenqubo.

Ungalithola kanjani ikheli le-Linux, i-Android ne-iOS MAC?

Ngemuva kweWindows ne-macOS, amakheli e-MAC angatholakala kalula ku-Linux, Android ne-iOS. Kumadivayisi anesistimu yokusebenza ye-Linux, ungasesha okuthi "fconfig" esikrinini esivuleka ngokushesha ngemva kokuvula ikhasi elithi "Itheminali". Njengomphumela walolu sesho, ikheli le-MAC lifinyelelwa ngokushesha.

Ukubonakala kwesikrini setheminali ye-Linux kubukeka njengesikrini somyalo weWindows. Kungenzeka futhi ukufinyelela lonke ulwazi mayelana nesistimu ngemiyalo ehlukene lapha. Ngokungeziwe ekhelini le-MAC lapho kubhalwe khona umyalo othi "fconfig", ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi nalo liyafinyelelwa.

Kumadivayisi e-iOS, izinyathelo zithathwa ngokungena kumenyu ethi "Izilungiselelo". Ngemva kwalokho, kufanele ufake isigaba "Okuvamile" bese uvula ikhasi elithi "Mayelana". Ikheli le-MAC liyabonakala ekhasini elivuliwe.

Wonke amadivaysi afana namafoni, amaphilisi namakhompyutha anamakheli e-MAC. Izinyathelo ezilandelwayo ze-iOS zingalandelwa kuwo wonke amadivayisi analolu hlelo lokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imininingwane yolwazi lwe-Wi-Fi ingafinyelelwa ekhasini elivulayo.

Okokugcina, sithanda ukusho ukuthi ikheli le-MAC litholakala kanjani kumadivayisi anesistimu yokusebenza ye-Android. Kumadivayisi anesistimu yokusebenza ye-Android, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufake imenyu ethi "Izilungiselelo". Bese, iya engxenyeni ethi "Mayelana Nefoni" futhi ukusuka lapho, ikhasi elithi "Zonke Izici" kufanele livuleke. Uma uchofoza ukuze uvule isikrini "Isimo", ikheli le-MAC liyafinyelelwa.

Inqubo yokuthola ikheli le-MAC kumadivayisi we-Android ingase yehluke kuye ngemodeli nomkhiqizo. Nokho, ngokulandela imenyu efanayo namagama ezigaba, lonke ulwazi olusocingweni lungatholakala ngendlela engokoqobo.

Ukufingqa; Eyaziwa nangokuthi Ikheli Lendawo, i-Media Access Control imele i-MAC, etholakala kumishini yezobuchwepheshe, futhi yaziwa ngokuthi "Indlela Yokufinyelela Imidiya" ngesi-English. Leli gama livumela wonke amadivayisi ukuthi abonwe ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi efanayo kunethiwekhi yekhompyutha. Ikakhulukazi amakhompyutha, amafoni, amaphilisi ngisho namamodemu anekheli le-MAC. Njengoba kungase kuqondwe, idivayisi ngayinye inekheli layo eliyingqayizivele. Lawa makheli futhi aqukethe amabhithi angama-48. Amakheli ahlanganisa amabhithi angu-48 achaza umehluko phakathi komkhiqizi kanye nephrothokholi ngaphezu kwamabhithi angu-24.